- The murder of two cousins, Tshiamo and Bolaseng Moralanga, has brought renewed national attention to the problem of intimate partner violence.
- Alcohol abuse, illegal guns, and patriarchal control are key structural drivers that together fuel violence in Mamelodi East.
- The situation calls for urgent, holistic interventions and a cultural shift in how masculinity is understood to help end the cycle of violence.
The murder of two cousins, Tshiamo Moralanga, 22, and Bolaseng Moralanga, 21, in Mamelodi East on 26 October 2025, has once again forced the nation to confront the persistent scourge of intimate partner violence.
The alleged perpetrator, Tebogo Mnisi, 38, reportedly a tavern bouncer and partner to one of the victims, has become the face of yet another tragedy rooted in the toxic intersection of alcohol abuse, patriarchal power, and access to illegal guns, closely tied to power.
Research studies suggest that South Africa has between 2.5 and 4 million illegal guns in circulation, exceeding the number of legally owned ones. Many of these weapons are a result of the apartheid era, lost or stolen from state armouries, or trafficked through organised crime networks.
As the community reels from shock, outrage, and anger, it is difficult not to recall the deeper structural and historical forces that continue to enable such violence. Between 2012 and 2014, I conducted doctoral research in Mamelodi East that examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and domestic violence in township settings.
At that time, the Moralanga cousins would have been no older than 10 or 11 years old, growing up in a social landscape already defined by hardship, gendered inequalities, and limited opportunity. My research participants repeatedly emphasised that alcohol played a central role in many instances of intimate partner violence. But they also highlighted that it is not alcohol alone; it is the environment that sustains it.
Townships such as Mamelodi remain spaces of limited socio-economic mobility and scarce recreational infrastructure. In many sections of Mamelodi, taverns (or shebeens) are among the visible gathering spaces for young adults. Churches and spaza shops form the rest of the social landscape.
For many, drinking becomes a form of escape from realities, a form of entertainment, and a means of belonging. It is a ritual of community life that often masks despair. This environment, built on inequality and deprivation, normalises a social pattern in which male dominance, alcohol abuse, and violence intertwine. In such spaces, gender-based violence becomes both visible and invisible: visible in its public manifestations such as screams, injuries, and police sirens but invisible in its normalisation and collective silence.
From intimate partner violence to intimate partner murder
What has changed in Mamelodi, however, is the escalation of violence. My earlier study recorded patterns of violence and control; the current trend increasingly involves murder. The killing of the Moralanga cousins is not an isolated event; it is part of a growing pattern of fatal violence within relationships across South African townships.
This shift demands urgent reflection. It reveals how deeply entrenched social ills, alcohol dependency, illegal guns, and patriarchy have converged into a volatile mix. Each femicide, each tragic death, becomes both a personal loss and a collective indictment of a society that continues to fail its women.
Despite more than three decades of democracy, township life still reflects the unfinished business of liberation. When alcohol consumption becomes a marker of social success, and masculinity remains tethered to control and dominance, communities like Mamelodi remain trapped in cycles of self-destruction.
Breaking the cycle
It has been more than three decades since the dawn of democracy, yet the promise of dignity and equality remains elusive for many in the townships. The glorification of excessive drinking, often equated with success, masculinity, and celebration, persists, while the social cost is measured in the lives of women and children.
If we are to honour the memory of Tshiamo and Bolaseng, we must confront the uncomfortable truth that alcoholism is not merely an individual weakness but a structural and cultural wound. It is sustained by poverty, gender inequality, and a lack of mental health support.
The crisis of intimate partner murders in South Africa cannot be addressed through law enforcement alone. It also requires a holistic social intervention - investment in community infrastructure, strict regulation of taverns, accessible rehabilitation programmes, and above all, a cultural reimagining of what it means to be a man, a partner, and a community member in post-apartheid South Africa.
The deaths of Tshiamo and Bolaseng should not fade into the background noise of South Africa’s ongoing gender-based violence epidemic. They should compel us to confront uncomfortable truths. One such truth is that the townships remain both a product and a prisoner of their history, and that without addressing alcohol abuse, illegal guns, and entrenched patriarchy, we risk losing yet another generation to violence that is, by now, tragically predictable.
Until then, the screams of the next victim will continue to echo through our townships, unheard, unheeded, and unhealed.
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